Katekismus Gereja Katolik Dalam Setahun - 118

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Versi Bahasa Indonesia


II. Gereja adalah Tubuh Kristus

Gereja adalah persekutuan dengan Yesus

787. Sejak awal, Yesus membiarkan para murid-Nya mengambil bagian dalam kehidupan-Nya.3 Ia menyingkapkan bagi mereka misteri Kerajaan Allah4 dan memberikan mereka bagian dalam perutusan-Nya, dalam kegembiraan-Nya5 dan dalam kesengsaraan-Nya.6 Yesus berbicara mengenai hubungan akrab antara Dia dan mereka, yang mengikuti Dia:

1 Bdk. RH 18-21. 2 Bdk. Yoh 13:32. 3 Bdk. Mrk 1:16-20; 3:13-19. 4 Bdk. Mat 13:10-17. 5 Bdk. Luk 10:17-20. 6 Bdk. Luk 22:28-30.

"Tinggallah di dalam Aku dan Aku di dalam kamu... Akulah pokok anggur dan kamulah ranting-rantingnya" (Yoh 15:4-5). Dan Ia menyatakan satu persekutuan yang penuh rahasia dan real antara tubuh-Nya dan tubuh kita: "Barang siapa makan daging-Ku dan minum darah-Ku, ia tinggal di dalam Aku dan Aku di dalam dia" (Yoh 6:56).

788. Ketika Ia tidak hadir lagi secara kelihatan di tengah murid-murid-Nya, Yesus tidak meninggalkan mereka sebagai yatim piatu.1 Ia menjanjikan, tinggal beserta mereka sampai akhir zaman2 dan mengutus kepada mereka Roh-Nya.3 Dalam arti tertentu persekutuan dengan Yesus dipererat lagi: "Sebab Ia telah mengumpulkan saudara-saudarinya dari segala bangsa, dan dengan mengurniakan Roh-Nya Ia secara gaib membentuk mereka menjadi Tubuh-Nya" (LG 7).

789. Perbandingan Gereja dengan tubuh menyoroti hubungan yang mesra antara Gereja dan Kristus. Gereja tidak hanya terkumpul di sekeliling-Nya, tetapi dipersatukan di dalam Dia, dalam Tubuh-Nya. Tiga aspek Gereja sebagai Tubuh Kristus perlu ditonjolkan secara khusus: kesatuan semua anggota satu dengan yang lain oleh persatuannya dengan Kristus; Kristus sebagai Kepala Tubuh; Gereja sebagai mempelai Kristus.

Tubuh yang satu-satunya

790. Orang beriman, yang menjawab Sabda Allah dan menjadi anggota Tubuh Kristus, dipersatukan secara erat dengan Kristus: "Dalam Tubuh itu hidup Kristus dicurahkan ke dalam umat beriman. Melalui Sakramen-Sakramen mereka itu secara rahasia namun nyata dipersatukan dengan Kristus yang telah menderita dan dimuliakan" (LG 7). Itu berlaku terutama untuk Pembaptisan, yang olehnya kita dipersatukan dengan kematian dan kebangkitan Kristus,4 dan untuk Ekaristi, yang olehnya "kita secara nyata ikut serta dalam Tubuh Tuhan; maka kita diangkat untuk bersatu dengan Dia dan bersatu antara kita" (LG 7).

791. Kesatuan Tubuh tidak menghapus perbedaan antara anggota-anggota: "Dalam pembentukan Tubuh Kristus berlaku perbedaan anggota dan tugas. Satu Roh yang membagi-bagikan anugerah-Nya yang bermacam ragam, sesuai kekayaan-Nya dan sejalan dengan kebutuhan pelayanan, demi kepentingan Gereja". Kesatuan Tubuh Mistik menyebabkan dan mengembangkan di antara kaum beriman cinta satu sama lain: "Maka, bila ada satu anggota yang menderita, semua anggota ikut menderita; atau bila satu anggota dihormati, semua anggota ikut bergembira" (LG 7). Kesatuan Tubuh Mistik mengatasi segala pemisahan antar manusia: "Karena kamu semua yang dibaptis dalam Kristus, telah mengenakan Kristus. Dalam hal ini tidak ada orang Yahudi atau orang Yunani, tidak ada hamba atau orang merdeka, tidak ada laki-iaki atau perempuan, karena kamu semua adalah satu di dalam Kristus Yesus" (Gal 3:27-28).

Kristus adalah Kepala Tubuh

792. Kristus "adalah Kepala Tubuh, tetapi Tubuh adalah Gereja" (Kol 1:18). Ia adalah asal ciptaan dan penebusan. Ditinggikan dalam kemuliaan Bapa, "Dialah yang lebih utama

1 Bdk. Yoh 14:18. 2 Bdk. Mat 28:20. 3 Bdk. Yoh 20:22; Kis 2:33. 4 Rm 6:4-5; 1 Kor 12:13.

dalam segala sesuatu" (Kol 1:18), terutama dalam Gereja, melaluinya Ia menyebar-luaskan Kerajaan-Nya atas segala sesuatu.

793. Ia mempersatukan kita dengan Paskah-Nya. Semua anggota harus berusaha untuk menyamai Dia, "sampai Ia terbentuk dalam mereka (lih. Gal 4:19). Maka dari itu kita diperkenankan memasuki misteri-misteri hidup-Nya, disamakan dengan-Nya, ikut mati dan bangkit bersama dengan-Nya, hingga kita ikut memerintah bersama dengan-Nya" (LG 7).

794. Ia memperhatikan pertumbuhan kita.1 Supaya memungkinkan kita tumbuh menuju Dia, Kepala kita,2 Kristus memperlengkapi Tubuh-Nya, Gereja, dengan anugerah dan pelayanan, yang olehnya kita dapat membantu satu sama lain di jalan keselamatan.

795. Dengan demikian Kristus dan Gereja membentuk "Kristus paripurna” [Christus totus]. Gereja bersatu dengan Kristus. Para kudus sangat sadar akan kesatuan ini:
"Maka, maritah kita bergembira dan berterima kasih bahwa kita tidak hanya menjadi Kristen, tetapi Kristus. Mengertikah Saudara-saudara, dapatkah kamu memahami rahmat yang Allah berikan kepada kita, ketika Ia memberikan kepada kita Kristus sebagai Kepala? Kagumilah, bergembiralah, kita sudah menjadi Kristus. Karena kalau Ia Kepala, kita anggota-anggota, maka seluruh manusia adalah Dia dan kita... Kepenuhan Kristus adalah Kepala dan anggota-anggota. Apa artinya: Kepala dan anggota-anggota Kristus dan Gereja" (Agustinus, ev. Jo. 21, 8). "Penebus kita ternyata satu pribadi dengan Gereja kudus, yang telah Ia miliki" (Gregorius Agung, mor. praef. 1, 6, 4). "Kepala dan anggota-anggota seakan-akan merupakan satu pribadi mistik" (Tomas Aqu., s.th. 3, 48, 2 ad 1). Iman yang diajarkan oleh guru-guru iman yang kudus dan perasaan sehat umat beriman terungkap dalam perkataan santa Jeanne d‟Arc kepada hakim-hakimnya: "Tentang Yesus dan Gereja saya berpendapat bahwa semuanya itu adalah satu, dan bahwa orang tidak perlu mempermasalahkannya lagi".


Versi Bahasa Inggris

Read the Catechism: Day 118 Part1:The Profession of Faith (26 - 1065) Section2:The Profession of the Christian Faith (185 - 1065) Chapter3:I Believe in the Holy Spirit (683 - 1065) Article9:"I believe in the Holy Catholic Church" (748 - 975) Paragraph2:The Church — People of God, Body of Christ, Temple of the Holy Spirit (781 - 810) II. THE CHURCH — BODY OF CHRIST The Church is communion with Jesus 787     From the beginning, Jesus associated his disciples with his own life, revealed the mystery of the Kingdom to them, and gave them a share in his mission, joy, and sufferings. Jesus spoke of a still more intimate communion between him and those who would follow him: "Abide in me, and I in you. ... I am the vine, you are the branches." And he proclaimed a mysterious and real communion between his own body and ours: "He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood abides in me, and I in him." 788     When his visible presence was taken from them, Jesus did not leave his disciples orphans. He promised to remain with them until the end of time; he sent them his Spirit. As a result communion with Jesus has become, in a way, more intense: "By communicating his Spirit, Christ mystically constitutes as his body those brothers of his who are called together from every nation." 789     The comparison of the Church with the body casts light on the intimate bond between Christ and his Church. Not only is she gathered around him; she is united in him, in his body. Three aspects of the Church as the Body of Christ are to be more specifically noted: the unity of all her members with each other as a result of their union with Christ; Christ as head of the Body; and the Church as bride of Christ. "One Body" 790     Believers who respond to God's word and become members of Christ's Body, become intimately united with him: "In that body the life of Christ is communicated to those who believe, and who, through the sacraments, are united in a hidden and real way to Christ in his Passion and glorification." This is especially true of Baptism, which unites us to Christ's death and Resurrection, and the Eucharist, by which "really sharing in the body of the Lord, ... we are taken up into communion with him and with one another." 791     The body's unity does not do away with the diversity of its members: "In the building up of Christ's Body there is engaged a diversity of members and functions. There is only one Spirit who, according to his own richness and the needs of the ministries, gives his different gifts for the welfare of the Church." The unity of the Mystical Body produces and stimulates charity among the faithful: "From this it follows that if one member suffers anything, all the members suffer with him, and if one member is honored, all the members together rejoice." Finally, the unity of the Mystical Body triumphs over all human divisions: "For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ. There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus." "Christ is the Head of this Body" 792     Christ "is the head of the body, the Church." He is the principle of creation and redemption. Raised to the Father's glory, "in everything he [is] preeminent," especially in the Church, through whom he extends his reign over all things. 793     Christ unites us with his Passover: all his members must strive to resemble him, "until Christ be formed" in them. "For this reason we ... are taken up into the mysteries of his life, ... associated with his sufferings as the body with its head, suffering with him, that with him we may be glorified." 794     Christ provides for our growth: to make us grow toward him, our head, he provides in his Body, the Church, the gifts and assistance by which we help one another along the way of salvation. 795     Christ and his Church thus together make up the "whole Christ" (Christus totus). The Church is one with Christ. The saints are acutely aware of this unity: Let us rejoice then and give thanks that we have become not only Christians, but Christ himself. Do you understand and grasp, brethren, God's grace toward us? Marvel and rejoice: we have become Christ. For if he is the head, we are the members; he and we together are the whole man. ... The fullness of Christ then is the head and the members. But what does "head and members" mean? Christ and the Church. Our redeemer has shown himself to be one person with the holy Church whom he has taken to himself. Head and members form as it were one and the same mystical person. A reply of St. Joan of Arc to her judges sums up the faith of the holy doctors and the good sense of the believer: "About Jesus Christ and the Church, I simply know they're just one thing, and we shouldn't complicate the matter." The Church is the Bride of Christ 796     The unity of Christ and the Church, head and members of one Body, also implies the distinction of the two within a personal relationship. This aspect is often expressed by the image of bridegroom and bride. The theme of Christ as Bridegroom of the Church was prepared for by the prophets and announced by John the Baptist. The Lord referred to himself as the "bridegroom." The Apostle speaks of the whole Church and of each of the faithful, members of his Body, as a bride "betrothed" to Christ the Lord so as to become but one spirit with him. The Church is the spotless bride of the spotless Lamb. "Christ loved the Church and gave himself up for her, that he might sanctify her." He has joined her with himself in an everlasting covenant and never stops caring for her as for his own body: This is the whole Christ, head and body, one formed from many ... whether the head or members speak, it is Christ who speaks. He speaks in his role as the head (ex persona capitis) and in his role as body (ex persona corporis). What does this mean? "The two will become one flesh. This is a great mystery, and I am applying it to Christ and the Church." And the Lord himself says in the Gospel: "So they are no longer two, but one flesh." They are, in fact, two different persons, yet they are one in the conjugal union, ... as head, he calls himself the bridegroom, as body, he calls himself "bride." Dig deeper: Scriptural and other references for today's section here.